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CASO CLÍNICO
Actualidad
Médica
A C T U A L I D A D
M É D I C A
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A case of dilated cardiomyopathy
in a venezuelan patient with polymyositis
Abstract
Polymyositis is an autoimmune disease, characterized by the inflammation of muscular tissues. It belongs to
the family of inflammatory myopathies, along with dermatomyositis, inclusion-bodies myositis and necrotizing
autoimmune myositis. In this case report we present a 39 year old male patient admitted to the Bejuma District
Hospital in October of 1991, where the patient is evaluated for 21 days. Electromyography, skeletal muscle biopsies,
and further lab tests were performed; posing a diagnostic impression of Polymyositis. After the analysis of these
results, the patient is discharged with pharmacological treatment; however, he denies taking the medications.
In March of 2007 patient is seen at the Bejuma District Hospital after complaining of respiratory distress during
mild efforts, concomitantly non-productive cough and palpitations. It is concluded that the rate of cardiovascular
deterioration without constant medical treatment is secondary to untreated Polymyositis.
Resumen
La polimiositis es una enfermedad autoinmune, caracterizada por la inflamación de los tejidos musculares.
Pertenece a la familia de las miopatías inflamatorias, junto con dermatomiositis, miositis de cuerpos de inclu-
sión y miositis autoinmune necrotizante. En este caso presentamos un paciente varón de 39 años admitido
en el Hospital del Distrito de Bejuma en octubre de 1991, donde el paciente es evaluado durante 21 días. Se
realizaron electromiografía, biopsias del músculo esquelético y más pruebas de laboratorio; lo que supone
una impresión diagnóstica de Polimiositis. Después del análisis de estos resultados, el paciente es dado de alta
con tratamiento farmacológico; sin embargo, niega tomar los medicamentos. En marzo de 2007 el paciente es
visto en el Hospital del Distrito de Bejuma después de quejarse de dificultad respiratoria durante los esfuerzos
suaves, concomitantemente tos no productiva y palpitaciones. Se concluye que la tasa de deterioro cardiovas-
cular sin tratamiento médico constante es secundaria a la polimiositis no tratada.
Miguel Bayones MD
1
, Ana Ramírez MD
1
, Jose Ruiz MD
2
, Carlos Sierra MS
3
, Claudio
Tombazzi
4
1
Internal Medicine Service, Bejuma District Hospital, Bejuma, Venezuela
2
Research Service, Memphis VA Medical Center, Memphis, USA
3
University of Kentucky School of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA
4
University of Tennessee School of Medicine, University of Tennessee, Memphis, USA
Enviado: 15-04-2017
Revisado: 20-05-2017
Aceptado: 10-06-2017
Jose Ruiz, MD
Av. 90. Urb. Las Chimeneas
Edif. San Andres VII, Apt. 10-C. Valencia, Edo Carabobo, Venezuela.
Telephone: +582418420996
E-mail Address:
josei_16@hotmail.comPalabras clave: Polimiositis,
miocardiopatía dilatada,
miopatía inflamatoria
Keywords: Polymyositis, dilated
cardiomyopathy, inflammatory
myopathy
Un caso de cardiomiopatía dilatada en un paciente venezolano
con polimiositis
DOI: 10.15568/am.2017.801.cc05
Actual. Med.
2017; 102: (801): 109-111
INTRODUCTION
Polymyositis is an autoimmune disease which belongs to the
family of inflammatory myopathies, along with dermatomyositis,
inclusion-bodiesmyositis and necrotizing autoimmunemyositis (1,2).
It affects the muscle tissue through an inflammatory and necrotizing
process that results in progressive weakness. It may also affect the
cardiac muscle. The average age of presentation ranges between 45
and 60 years, and it seldom occurs during childhood (3).
Due to its uncommon nature; we present the study of a clinical
case in which a patient with a diagnosis of Polymyositis attends to
the Bejuma District Hospital, State of Carabobo, Venezuela, with
manifestations of dilated cardiomyopathy class III.
CLINICAL CASE
Case of a 39-year-old patient from Carabobo, Venezuela,
that started exhibiting symptoms of the disease in August of
1991. The patient begins to exhibit proximal muscle weakness
in the lower extremities in a progressive and symmetric
manner. This progressive muscle weakness limits the patient’s